Long-Term Reliability of the Two-Segment Fusion Technique in the Treatment of Thoracolumbar Fractures Using Screws in the Fractured Vertebra.

BACKGROUND: There is some controversy about which is the best approach, decompression technique and number of fixed levels in the surgical treatment for burst thoracolumbar fractures. Without a neurological injury, correcting thoracolumbar kyphosis and preventing mechanical failure should be the main concerns. The two-segment short fusion with screws at fractured vertebra by posterior approach was performed in 64 patients. Although a significant increase of postoperative kyphosis was observed, there were not clinical consequences, nor was there reintervention for mechanical failure. METHODS: Patients with unstable T11-L2 burst fractures and a two-level fusion including screws at the injured vertebra between 2000 and 2015 were included in the study. Demographic, clinical, and radiological variables were analyzed. Thoracolumbar, segmental, and vertebral kyphosis and anterior and posterior vertebral height were measured preoperatively, postoperatively, at one-year, and at the end of follow-up in the radiological study. The statistical analysis consisted of a descriptive analysis, and we used the t test to compare the preoperative, postoperative, one-year, and end-of-follow-up radiographs to observe a thoracolumbar T10-L2 kyphosis increase. Significance level was established at P < .05. RESULTS: Fifty-four patients were included. A statistically significant increase of vertebral, segmental, and thoracolumbar kyphosis (P < .05) was observed during follow-up, without clinical consequences. CONCLUSIONS: Two-segment fusion is an effective technique and allows initial deformity kyphotic correction after thoracolumbar burst fracture. The thoracolumbar kyphosis increased during the follow-up, without pain, disability, or mechanical failure. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: 2a.

Importancia de la flora microbiana orofaríngea en infecciones invasoras / Importance of the oropharyngeal microbial flora in invasive infections

La artritis séptica presenta una incidencia anual de 4 casos/100 000 niños. Es más frecuente en los miembros inferiores y suele estar provocada por Staphylococcus aureus vía hemática, por lo que la cobertura antibiótica inicial está dirigida a cubrir al menos este patógeno. Sin embargo, en algunas situaciones, como tras la manipulación periodontal o enfermedad dentaria, debemos pensar en microorganimos procedentes de la flora microbiana orofaríngea, como es Fusobacterium nucleatum, ya que el 50% de las cepas es resistente a penicilina y a algunas cefalosporinas, fármacos que forman parte del tratamiento antibiótico empírico de las infecciones osteoarticulares en la población pediátrica

Infectious arthritis has an annual incidence of 4 cases/100 000 children. Its more frequent location is the lower member and the most frequent microorganism involved is Staphylococcus aureus via bloodstream, so the initial antibiotic coverage is usually directed against this pathogen. However, in some situations such as periodontal disease, we must think of pathogens from the oropharyngeal microbial flora, for example Fusobacterium nucleatum, because 50% of them are penicillin and some cephalosporins resistant, which are part of the empirical antibiotic treatment of osteoarticular infections in the pediatric population

Bosworth fracture. An atypical case of irreducible ankle fracture-dislocation.

An irreducible ankle-fracture dislocation in which the proximal fibular shaft fragment locks behind the posterior tibial tubercle is defined as "The Bosworth injury". Characteristically, this fracture is generally not reducible using closed methods. A high number of attempts can be counterproductive to get a good final functional result and it may also lead to the appearance of future complications. Although it is a recognized and published cause of irreducible ankle dislocation, it is an unusual and rare injury. The initial radiological diagnosis is difficult, usually going unnoticed, and it is frequently diagnosed during the surgical act, appreciating the retrotibial position of the proximal fibular fragment. The present report is the first in the medical data to describe a case of Bosworth injury in a 32-week-old pregnant woman. The initial diagnosis went unnoticed. After unsuccessful closed reduction attempt, urgent surgical intervention was performed.